Couplings

Over the last three hundred years , science has successfully divided, separated and conquered Nature by reducing its inherent complexity into a number of simplified 'silos' and 'stovepipes'. The goal of the ICES project is to re-integrate such simplified specializations back into an holistic whole. When two or more specializations overlap and interact with each other mathematically, we refer to them as being 'coupled'. Below is a discussion of the basic couplings found within today's Earth System Models. Many more such couplings must be researched and developed however, since all things in Nature are in fact coupled and integrated at some level:

View details Model Couplings

Coupling of Earth System and Integrated Assessment Models Land-Surface-Atmosphere Coupling in Observations and Models: Improved data for integrated modeling of global environmental change Precipitation Shifts over Western North America as a Result of Declining Arctic Sea Ice Cover: The Coupled System Response
How much do different land models matter for climate simulation? Part I How much do different land models matter for climate simulation? Part II Coupled atmosphere-wildland fire modelling: MCT Coupler
PALM coupler OASIS Coupler A coupling environment for partitioned multiphysics simulations Multiphysics Modelling
Multiscale Modelling